Alvarez, Alex. Militias and Genocide

This article comprises a discussion of the role of paramilitary groups, such as militias, in
perpetrating genocide. The reliance of many states upon paramilitary style units poses some
potentially important questions about the nature of genocide and other human rights
violations as well as the governments that create and unleash them. After briefly defining
these groups, the article specifically explores the reasons why genocidal states rely so heavily on paramilitary militia groups when they already have military and police forces available. Using Arkan’s Tigers and the Rwandan Interahamwe militia groups as examples, Alvarez discusses the nature and functioning of these groups as well as the specific advantages to using these kinds of units. Also included is a discussion about the types of individuals who join these groups and what they gain from participation.

Alvarez, Alex. “Militias and Genocide.” War Crimes, Genocide, & Crimes against Humanity
Volume 2 (2006): 1-33.